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Extrema Ratio Dobermann IV African Review

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Those who have been in the wilderness know that the only thing you can depend on is your instincts and your knife. Anything that requires battery can and likely will fail. Even live ammunition can fail in a damp environment. Time and time again, your knife will be the one equipment you turn to. It’s the most essential gear for survival as its versatility serves both offensive and survival purposes.

Extrema Ratio is known for making high-quality blades. Their website offers a wide selection of blades, however, the one that stands out most is the Dobermann IV Africa. The Dobermann IV Africa is a 7.3″ hunting made from Bohler N690 steel that promises to be your best friend on your next hunting trip – for $690 USD. In this review, we’re going to take a closer look at all the features of this blade and determine if it’s worth the price tag.

What’s in the package?

If you purchase the Dobermann directly from Extrema Ratio’s website, you’ll get a lot of extra accessories including a portable blade sharpener, a marlin spike, and an extra handle made from Forprene.

Extrema Ratio, being an Italian company, is generous with leather laces. Just about every single holes on the sheath came with a foot of laces. There’s easily 10 feet of laces included in the package. It’s a bit overkill, however, appreciated since the laces can be used for tying things down. The pictures above and below don’t show you how much laces are included. We had to trim most of it for photos.

The leather sheath is made from high-quality Italian leather (as you’d expect). There’s a stiffness to the leather that gives it extra durability and makes it resistant to scratches. The sheath has a hard plastic interior that houses the blade to ensure the blade doesn’t damage the sheath over repeated use. All the stitches you see are real.

Marlin Spike

The Dobermann IV Africa comes with a marlinspike already in the package. The leather sheath has a special side pocket for the spike that holds it in place via an elastic belt. The spike seems to be made from the same N690 steel (not confirmed). It’s heavy, solidly constructed, and pointy.

Given how pointy this spike is, experienced hunters can use this for more than tying and untying knots.

Blade Sharpener

Also included in the package is a custom-made blade sharpener. Just like the marlinspike, there’s a special pocket on the sheath for this accessory. It’s a bit difficult to access and you may need to remove the blade in order to get it out. That’s not a major issue since you’re not going to be sharpening the blade that frequently given its HRC 58 hardness.

The back of the sharpener has laser-engraved instructions showing you how to sharpen your knife. It also has a carved out hole in case you want to carry this on a keychain or on your backpack.

Santos Rosewood Handle

The Dobermann IV actually has two versions. The regular tactical version comes with the Forprene handle and black steel blade. The Africa version comes with Santos Rosewood handle, leather sheath, accessories, and a satin blade finish. Both versions are made from the same N690 steel.

There’s an “Extrema Ratio” branding carved onto the spine of the handle, just in case you forgot who made your knife. The handle has the signature finger grip indentation that’s proprietary to Extreme Ratio knives. It’s a great design and feels good in your hand. The indentation for your index and middle finger adds both grip and control, making the blade easier to handle.

Rosewood vs Forprene

There’s something very interesting to note about the two handles. On the surface, it might look like the Santos Rosewood is just a wooden version of the original Forprene handle, but take a closer look. Take a look at the picture above and you’ll notice how different they look from each other. The Forprene has a different butt that seems to hand an indentation for pinky grip, meanwhile, the rosewood doesn’t.

Extrema Ratio gives you two sets of screws to be used for each handle. The Rosewood handle uses just one set of gold screws. Meanwhile, the Forprene handle comes with two sets of stainless steel screws.

The dual screws on the Forprene handle actually feel more secure. Even if you wanted to use two screws on the Rosewood handle, you actually can’t, because the holes aren’t there. I’m not sure why the engineers at Extrema Ratio opted for a single-screw system on the wooden handle.

The screws are actually different in their construction. The Golden screws for the Rosewood handle feel like they’re made from aluminum. They’re lighter than the stainless steel screws used for the Forprene handles. The two stainless steel screws’ head is fitted for both a flathead screwdriver AND an Allen wrench. The golden screw can only be used with a flathead screwdriver, which is a slight inconvenience.

Although the golden screw looks gorgeous, I like the construction and flexibility of the stainless steel screws more.

3/4 Tang

It’s also worth noting that the blade isn’t a full-tang. It’s about a 3/4 tang. The handle is plenty snug and once clamped down, it feels just as tight and balanced as a full-tang blade.

Both handles are one piece giving it extra snug. Assembling and unassembling the handle can be difficult while you’re outside since the handle holds the blade in place VERY securely.

The Blade

The knife is 13.3 inches long with a blade length of 7.3 inches. Without the sheath, the knife weighs 368.5 grams, which is a good balance. It’s light enough to carry around on your belt. Yet it is heavy enough for chopping. The blade is made from N690 Bohler Stainless Steel.

N690 Bohler steel is the perfect marriage between performance and edge retention. The N690 steel is also infused with Cobalt, giving the blade an extra edge, making it even sharper. The fusion of cobalt alloy also gives the blade extraordinarily high edge-retention. The edge also tends to be more even making it easy to resharpen and maintain.

The N690 Bohler steel is also known for its ability to resist corrosion from humidity, moisture, and salt. This makes the blade reliable under any climate or conditions.

The blade is .25 inches thick, making it one of the thickest blades on the market. The extra thickness gives the blade rigidity and strength to handle anything you can throw at it. The picture above shows the blade with an American quarter next to it for scale. Despite having a thicker profile, the cutting edge is still razor-sharp.

HRC 58 Hardness

One perplexing question is why Extrema Ratio engraved “58 HRC” on the blade itself. For those who don’t know, HRC stands for Hardness Rockwell C. It’s a measurement of how hard the metal is. HRC 58 is hard, but certainly not the hardest metal in existence. For $600+, you would expect the metal to the of the highest grade.

After researching this a bit further, it makes perfect sense why they chose this metal. The harder the metal and higher the HRC rating, the more difficult it is to sharpen. The Dobermann is meant to be a hunting knife and comes with its own sharpener. HRC 58 gives the blade all the strength it needs and also makes it easier to work with, sharpen, and maintain on the go.

Final Verdict

This knife will quickly replace every other knife you have and soon will be the only knife you carry around on hunting or camping trips. The N690 Bohler steel blade is sharp, sturdy, and wields a balanced mass that makes it easy to handle. It’s a heavy knife that can be tamed by the generously long handle. At 13.3 inches long with a 7.3-inch blade, there’s nothing this knife can’t handle.

Although the Dobermann is made for hunting, it’s just as good for close-quarter combat, chopping, skinning, and slicing. This knife will quickly become your go-to knife for just about everything. And the superior Italian craftsmanship will guarantee this will be passed down from generation to generation.

At $690, it’s not a cheap knife. But it’s well worth the price given its quality and useful it is. If you’re a hunter or someone who spends a lot of time in the wild, the Extrema Ratio Dobermann IV Africa is well worth the investment.

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Lifestyle

Digital Nomads Flock To These 10 Amazing Tax-Free Cities

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woman lounging on the sofa

The rise of remote work has paved the way for many to gain freedom to live and work from anywhere in the world. But for many work-from-home advocates, the right destination can also mean gaining financial benefits aside from having their dream lifestyle. This is where tax-free cities for digital nomads come in. Maximize your earnings, reduce business expenses, and enjoy a high-quality lifestyle when you relocate to the ten best tax-free cities:

The Benefits of Living in a Tax-Free City

If you are a digital nomad looking for a change of scenery, you’ll get the following benefits when you move to these destinations:

  • Tax Savings: For entrepreneurs and remote workers, you’ll save on taxes when you move to any of the cities included in this list. Without paying income taxes, you can keep more of your earnings.
  • Business-Friendly Incentives: Many tax-free cities offer favorable corporate policies, residency programs, and economic incentives. Not only will you have the opportunity to work in a setting that suits your lifestyle, but you’ll also reap financial benefits.
  • Improved Financial Freedom: Lower tax burdens offer greater financial flexibility. This enables you to enjoy a higher standard of living, travel for leisure, and invest in your future without excessive government deductions. 

Top 10 Amazing Tax-Free Cities for Digital Nomads

1. Dubai, UAE

Photo Credit: Aleksandar Pasaric on Pexels

Emerging as one of the most attractive destinations for digital nomads, Dubai has a zero personal income tax policy and a thriving business environment. As part of the United Arab Emirates, Dubai offers a state-of-the-art infrastructure, fast internet, and a well-connected global hub with flights to the world’s major cities. The city’s Virtual Working Program grants digital nomads a one-year residency visa that lets them live in Dubai while working for an overseas company.

2. Bermuda

Famous for its stunning beaches with crystal-clear waters, the British Territory of Bermuda makes working remotely even better as it doesn’t impose income taxes. Its digital nomad visa has no income requirement but will ask to see your financial status. This is to prove that you can support yourself on the island without having a job there. It also allows foreign workers to live and work for up to one year. The abundance of outdoor activities, reliable internet, and plenty of co-working spaces provide an excellent balance of work and play.

3. Croatia

An increasingly popular destination for digital nomads, Croatia is a favorite destination for digital nomads. While it isn’t entirely tax-free, its tax policies and dedicated digital nomad visa exempt you from income tax on foreign-earned income. Remote workers who qualify for this country’s Digital Nomad Residence Permit can enjoy this benefit. In addition, Croatia’s low cost of living allows you to enjoy a Mediterranean lifestyle while working remotely.

4. Antigua and Barbuda

Photo Credit: Julia Volk on Pexels

A beautiful Caribbean nation, Antigua and Barbuda offers zero personal income tax for digital nomads. This twin-island nation has stunning beaches, warm weather, and a welcoming expat community that makes it an ideal place if you’re looking to embrace the island life. It introduced the Nomad Digital Residence (NDR) visa to attract more remote workers. This allows you to live and work for up to two years without paying local income taxes.

5. Panama

Thanks to its territorial tax system, Panama is now a popular destination for digital nomads and entrepreneurs looking to enjoy foreign-earned income that isn’t taxed. Its various visa options include the Short Stay Visa for Remote Workers, which lets you live and work for up to 18 months. It requires proof of employment or self-employment with a minimum income of $36,000. This nation offers modern infrastructure, high-speed internet, and an active expat community.

6. Grenada

Earning the moniker “Spice Isle” of the Caribbean, Grenada offers zero personal income tax for digital nomads. It has business-friendly policies, breath-taking landscapes, and a relaxed lifestyle, ideal for remote workers looking for financial and individual freedom. In lieu of a dedicated digital nomad visa, you can take advantage of its long-stay visa options or explore its Citizenship by Investment Program, which gives you the chance to obtain permanent residency.

7. Montserrat

Another tax-free Caribbean hideaway, Montserrat, is a favorite of many digital nomads thanks to its zero personal income tax. Its lush landscape, volcanic scenery, and friendly local community offer superb work-life balance away from the hustle and bustle of city life. Its digital nomad visa, the Montserrat Remote Work Stamp, lets you live and work in Montserrat for up to 12 months. All you need to do is provide proof of employment with an annual income of at least $70,000.

8. Barbados

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Having positioned itself as a top destination for remote workers, Barbados offers zero personal income tax by introducing its Barbados Welcome Stamp. This visa lets you live and work in Barbados for up to 12 months, making it an excellent option for those looking for financial and lifestyle benefits. To qualify for the Welcome Stamp, you must earn at least $50,000 annually and provide proof of remote employment or self-employment. Its hassle-free application process lets you enjoy the duty-free import of personal belongings and many other benefits.

9. Anguilla

A dream destination for many digital nomads, Anguilla is another tax-free Caribbean paradise. It offers no personal income, capital gains, or corporate tax for individuals. It introduced the Work From Anguilla program to attract more location-independent professionals. This grants them a 12-month remote work visa and access to high-speed internet, modern infrastructure, and a relaxed, safe environment. Its pristine beaches, low population density, and welcoming community make it the perfect place for productivity and leisure.

10. Uruguay

Another South American hub for digital nomads, Uruguay offers a territorial tax system that does not impose a tax on foreign-earned income. In addition to letting you enjoy a stable and high-quality lifestyle, Uruguay provides a five-year tax holiday on foreign income, an appealing offer for long-term stays. Uruguay’s excellent infrastructure, reliable internet, and active expat community let you establish legal residency via the country’s Straightforward Residency Program.

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Adopting a Cat? Here’s Your 5-Item Starter Kit

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cat

Adopting a cat for the first time can be both an exciting and overwhelming experience. Trust me – I’ve been there.

Just a few months ago, a pastel tabby tortoiseshell (or, as they say, torbie) came knocking on our door. She walked into our patio, setting off the security alarm, and when I came out to look, she meowed at me, seemingly begging for food.

Not having any pets, I rummaged through the pantry and decided a can of sausages would suffice. When I set the plate in front of her, she gobbled the food, bumping her head on my legs as a sign of gratitude between mouthfuls.

After that initial encounter, she visited our home frequently and, eventually, stayed and never left. In short, she decided to adopt us.

Needless to say, I found myself with my first cat, without any preparation ideal for a new pet parent. Luckily, I have family members and friends who are seasoned cat parents, and they were more than happy to guide me through the process.

Knowing what I know now, here’s a simple cat essentials starter kit I would’ve recommended to myself back then and anyone who wants to build a comfortable home for a feline friend.

1. Litter Box and Cat Litter

As a first-time cat parent, one of the things I was nervous about was the smell. After all, I’ve been to cat households before, and let’s just say that not all of them smelled pleasant. In this department, the choice of cat litter and how diligent you are in cleaning the litter box can spell the difference between a fresh, odor-free home and one that announces, “A cat lives here!”

As a rule of thumb, the box should be longer than the cat’s length, with enough space for them to stand, turn, and squat without feeling cramped. It should also be deep enough to hold about 2 to 3 inches of litter.

As for cat litter, there are several options out there, and here are some of the most common ones:

  • Bentonite Clay Litter. Made from bentonite clay, this litter forms solid clumps when wet, making it easy to scoop daily. Many prefer this due to strong odor control. However, one drawback is the dust, which could aggravate the condition of cats with respiratory issues.  
  • Natural/Biodegradable Litter. This eco-friendly option is made from wood, corn, wheat, or recycled paper. Depending on the material, it varies in absorbency and odor control.
  • Tofu Litter. This litter is a natural and biodegradable material made from soybean byproducts, usually leftover from tofu production. This is the litter that I buy for my cat. Though it’s not as clumpy as bentonite, I like that it’s dust-free and flushable, making litter cleaning a breeze. It also doesn’t retain nasty smells, as long as I clear it out at least once daily. It also comes in various mild scents, milk being my favorite.

Tip: Place the litter box in a quiet spot where your cat can easily access it.

2. Cat Food

Remember when I fed my cat a can of sausages the first time she came to our patio meowing for food? As it turns out, processed food, especially those that contain a lot of sodium, is a no-no for cats.

cat under a tray

Photo by Milda Puga from Pexels

When she started visiting us regularly, I started stocking dry cat food and, later on, wet food. 

  • Most fur parents recommend keeping cats on an exclusively wet food diet. After all, wet food is high in moisture and low in carbs, which is ideal for cats who are obligate carnivores.
  • On the other hand, dry food or kibble can be more affordable and doesn’t spoil quickly. Some also claim that it helps with dental health, though it’s debatable. If you’re offering dry food to your cat, ensure fresh water is accessible, as kibble contains very low moisture.

Though wet food is ideal due to its moisture content, choose the cat food (or a combination of the two) that works well for your cat’s health and fits your budget and lifestyle.

Tip: Look for the AAFCO (Association of American Feed Control Officials) “complete and balanced” statement on the cat food label to ensure your cat gets the nutrition it needs. 

3. Food Bowl and Water Bowl or Fountain

An appropriate food and water bowl should also be part of your list of cat essentials, as they can directly impact your pet’s eating and drinking habits. Choose a wide, shallow food bowl – almost like a plate – to avoid whisker fatigue. An elevated bowl or putting the food bowl on top of a stand can also be beneficial as it prevents neck strain.

Most cats aren’t big water drinkers, so it’s essential to make it as appealing to them as possible to avoid dehydration and the risk of kidney and urinary issues. After all, cats hail from desert-dwelling ancestors and prefer running water to prevent contamination. 

That said, a water fountain can be a good investment. However, you can also encourage your cat to drink from a bowl by keeping the water fresh at all times and putting it in an area away from the food dish.

4. Comfortable Cat Bed

When my cat started living with us, I was concerned that she might be sick since she slept a lot – as in most of the day. I turned to Google and learned that healthy cats sleep an average of 12 to 16 hours a day. Once I understood this, I stopped worrying and ensured she had a cozy spot to feel safe and rested.

sleepy cat

Photo by Cats Coming from Pexels

There are many options for a cat bed, including:

  • Enclosed Beds. Ideal for cats who love privacy and curling up in a secure, den-like space.
  • Cushion Beds. Soft, padded surfaces provide ultimate comfort for lounging and stretching.
  • Heated Beds. Great for senior cats or those who love warmth, mimicking the cozy feeling of sleeping in the sun.

Tip: If your cat ignores a new bed at first, try adding a soft blanket or something with your scent to make it more inviting.

5. Carrier for Vet Visits

A cat carrier is a must-have for every fur parent – no wonder it always comes up in gift guides for pet owners. You’ll need it for vet visits and for transporting your cat for travel or emergencies. Unlike simply carrying your cat in your arms, a proper carrier prevents escapes, minimizes anxiety, and offers a familiar space in unfamiliar situations.

Tip: Leave the carrier out at home so your cat gets used to it.

Other Cat Supplies to Consider

Here are other cat supplies you may want to add to your initial list to make your 

  • Scratching Posts and Pads. Usually made of cardboard or sisal, these posts and pads give your cat something to scratch instead of damaging your furniture.
  • Interactive Toys and Enrichment. Mental stimulation is crucial for cats. That said, wand toys, laser pointers, and puzzle feeders will keep them active and engaged, preventing destructive behaviors.
  • Grooming Supplies. A brush appropriate for your cat’s hair length can reduce tangles and prevent hairballs. You can also use pet wipes to clean your cat, especially if they don’t like bathing.
  • Cat Tree or Window Perch. Cats love vertical spaces, allowing them to observe their surroundings from a high place. Cat trees and window perches can encourage exercise and offer a place where cats can feel safe and elevated.
cat lying down

Photo by Jakub Zerdzicki from Pexels

With the five essential items above, keeping your pet healthy and comfortable wouldn’t take much. From the simple basics to flashy gadgets and pet tech products, it all depends on your budget, lifestyle, and preferences.

Adopting a cat involves opening your home to a new family member and creating a space where the cat feels welcome, loved, and secure. Beyond food, toys, and a cozy bed, your cat needs patience and understanding to thrive and live its best life.

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Lifestyle

10 Adventure Travel Destinations You Don’t Want to Miss

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glacier

Packing for an adventure travel is the most exciting thing! You’ll find yourself prepping weeks before the scheduled trip. Aside from packing, researching things to pack and what to do before and during the adventure is essential. If you have an upcoming trip to one of these travel destinations, here’s a quick guide to prepare you for the trip of your life!

1. Everest Base Camp Trek in Nepal

tents

Every mountaineer would probably jump on the first opportunity to trek Everest’s base camp in Nepal. It’s one of the most coveted hiking trips worldwide. The most experienced mountaineers can go all the way up to the summit. The Everest base camp hike is challenging for an average hiker due to altitude. It lasts 12 to 14 days with a total incline of 6015 meters. Although a guide isn’t required, it’s highly recommended. You can also opt for the Guest Houses along the way if you want to sleep comfortably with showers and restaurant facilities. 

2. Ice Cave Exploration in Iceland

Iceland is a beautiful country full of greenery and glaciers. The Vatnajokull National Park is Iceland’s most popular place for ice cave explorations. You can either rent a car or ride the bus or mini-bus to get to Iceland’s glaciers. However, renting a car is the easiest way to get around Iceland and enjoy the scenery at your own pace. Make sure you plan a trip from November to March only because the glaciers are melted during summertime. Ice cave explorations are also day trips that don’t require you to spend overnight around the area. 

3. Great Barrier Reef Dive in Australia

Australia boasts the most beautiful beaches in the world. It’s also a surf destination if you’re into watersports. However, you can embark on the biggest adventure travel of your life—diving the Great Barrier Reef. The reef extends 2,300 kilometers from north to south and comprises 2,900 individual coral reefs. It also has the largest natural structure, with more than 400 species of coral reefs. 

4. Machu Pichu Trail Trek in Peru

rock formation

The Machu Pichu Trail is one of the most popular treks in the world. Located in Peru, you can enjoy this UNESCO New World Wonder with an expert guide. The best time to visit Machu Pichu is during the months of June, July, and August. These are the region’s dry months, and hiking Machi Pichu is better during sunny conditions. Accommodations also get booked quickly, so make sure you book in advance. Try to do the iconic four-day Inca Trail!

5. Sandboarding in Morocco

If you’re not cut out for watersports activities like surfing, then try sandboarding in the Sahara. Most visitors go to the two largest dunes in the Moroccan Sahara—the Erg Chebbi or Erg Chigaga. You can do fun activities in the beautiful golden dunes that flow through different slopes toward the horizon, such as camel trekking or camping at the Berber campsite. But one of the most fun activities is sandboarding. You glide down the sand dune with your feet strapped onto the board. 

6. Grand Canyon Rafting in America

If you’re from the United States and haven’t been to the Grand Canyon, it’s high time you visited! The Grand Canyon National Park offers many recreational trips, both commercial and non-commercial. You can take guided activities through 15 river concessioners because non-guided “private trips” are sometimes dangerous and not recommended for those newbies. River rafting doesn’t need experts to be enjoyable. It’s doable for every average traveler! Even kids ages 10 to 12 are allowed on motorized rafting trips. The most popular months are May and June since the weather isn’t so hot. However, don’t forget to book a commercial trip in advance for a year or so!

7. Great Walks Hikes in New Zealand

The “Great Walks” is regarded as New Zealand’s multi-day hiking. When embarking on this adventure travel, make sure you pre-book your beds in the backcountry huts along the tracks. During the hiking season, the cost of staying in these huts is crazy. Hiking the Great Walks will immerse you in New Zealand’s pure wilderness. You can also choose which hike you want, as there are multiple options. The Lake Waikeramoana Track is one of the gentlest trails, while the Kepler Track is the most challenging trail of the Great Walks. 

8. Hot Air Balloon Ride in Turkey

hot air balloon

If you want a unique and magical experience, try riding a hot air balloon over Cappadocia in Turkey. This is a one-of-a-kind experience that lets you see Cappadocia just when the first light hits the skyline. The best time to do this activity is during spring and autumn, from April to May and September to October. It offers the best weather for hot air balloon rides

9. Glacier Hunting and Caving in Greenland

Greenland is the second-largest icefield in the world. It’s also one of the best adventure travel destinations you mustn’t miss. This place offers the best views and beautiful white-ice mountains you’ll never see elsewhere. You can go ice caving and see ancient ice and some interesting frozen formations. Try visiting the Kulusuk ice cave, which was discovered in 2016 and has had fewer than a thousand visitors since. Unlike other ice caves, this one can only be reached once the snow melts during summertime. 

10. Jumeirah Beach Skydiving in Dubai

If you want to amp up your adrenaline with an exhilarating adventure, try skydiving over Palm Jumeirah in Dubai Marina. This quick skydive activity will take about 25 minutes from the interview until touchdown. It’s also one of the safest skydive adventures in the world, with certified instructors and various packages for your preference and budget. 

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